Excavatorngumatshini wokwakha we-earthwork oneenjongo ezininzi owenza ubukhulu becala ukugrumba kunye nokulayishwa komhlaba, kunye nomgangatho womhlaba, ukulungiswa kwethambeka, ukunyuswa, ukutyumza, ukudiliza, ukugalela kunye neminye imisebenzi. Ke ngoko, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo lweendlela ezinje ngoohola bendlela kunye noololiwe, ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho, ukwakhiwa kwedolophu, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya, amazibuko kunye nolwakhiwo lokugcinwa kwamanzi. Ngoko indlela yokukhetha i-excavator ehambelana neprojekthi yakho kwaye ukhethe i-excavator ephezulu inokugwetywa kwizinto eziphambili ezilandelayo.
1. Ubunzima bokusebenza:
Enye yeeparamitha ezintathu eziphambili ze-excavator, ibhekisela kubunzima obupheleleyo be-excavator enezixhobo zokusebenza eziqhelekileyo, umqhubi kunye ne-fuel epheleleyo. Ubunzima bokusebenza bumisela inqanaba le-excavator kwaye likwamisela umda ophezulu we-excavator's digging force.
2. Amandla enjini:
Enye yeeparameters ezintathu eziphambili ze-excavator, yahlulwe ngamandla amakhulu kunye namandla omnatha, omisela ukusebenza kwamandla e-excavator.
(1) Amandla apheleleyo (SAE J1995) abhekisa kumandla aphumayo alinganiswe kwi-flywheel ye-injini ngaphandle kwezincedisi ezitya umbane ezifana ne-mufflers, iifeni, iialternator kunye nezihluzo zomoya. (2) Amandla omnatha: 1) abhekisa kumandla aphumayo alinganiswe kwi-flywheel ye-injini xa zonke izincedisi ezidla amandla ezifana ne-muffler, fan, ijenereyitha kunye nesihluzo somoya zifakiwe. 2) ibhekisa kumandla aphumayo alinganiswe kwi-flywheel ye-injini xa izincedisi ezidla amandla eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwe-injini, ngokubanzi iifeni, zifakelwe.
3. Umthamo webhakethi:
Enye yeeparameters ezintathu eziphambili ze-excavator, ibhekisela kumthamo wezinto eziphathekayo ezinokulayishwa ibhakethi. I-excavator inokuxhotyiswa ngeebhakethi zobukhulu obuhlukeneyo ngokobuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo. Ukukhethwa okufanelekileyo komthamo webhakethi yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Umthamo we-emele wohlulwe ngokubanzi ube yimfumba yebhakethi umthamo kunye nomthamo webhakethi esicaba. Umthamo we-emele oqhelekileyo osetyenziswayo we-excavators ngumthamo we-emele ezifunjwe. Umthamo we-emele efunjiweyo uneendidi ezimbini ngokwe-engile yokuphumla yendalo: 1:1 umthamo webhakethi ofumbathiweyo kunye nomthamo we-emele oyimfumba oyi-1:2.
4. Amandla okwemba
Kubandakanya amandla okumba wengalo yokumba kunye namandla okumba ibhakethi. Amandla amabini okumba anamandla ahlukeneyo. Amandla okumba wengalo yokumba avela kwi-cylinder yengalo yokumba, ngelixa amandla okumba ibhakethi avela kwi-cylinder yebhakethi.
Ngokweengongoma ezahlukeneyo zesenzo samandla okumba, ukubala kunye neendlela zokulinganisa ze-excavator zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini:
(1) Umgangatho we-ISO: Indawo yesenzo isekupheleni kwebhakethi.
(2) I-SAE, i-PCSA, umgangatho we-GB: Indawo yesenzo kwincam yezinyo lebhakethi.
5. Uluhlu lokusebenza
Ibhekisa kwindawo yangaphakathi yomgca odibanisa iindawo ezigqithileyo apho incam yezinyo lebhakethi inokufikelela khona xa umgodi ungajikelezi. Abenzi be-excavators bahlala besebenzisa imizobo ukubonisa ngokucacileyo uluhlu olusebenzayo. Uluhlu olusebenzayo lwe-excavator ludla ngokubonakaliswa yiparameters ezifana ne-radius yokumba ubuninzi, ubunzulu obuphezulu bokumba, kunye nokuphakama okuphezulu kokumba.
6. Ubungakanani bezothutho
Ibhekisela kwimilinganiselo yangaphandle ye-excavator kwimeko yokuthutha. Urhulumente wezothutho ngokuqhelekileyo ubhekisela kumgcini we-excavator opakishwe kumhlaba othe tyaba, iinqwelomoya zeziko longitudinal zemizimba ephezulu kunye nesezantsi zihambelana enye kwenye, i-cylinder yebhakethi kunye ne-cylinder yengalo yokwemba zandiselwe ubude obude, i-boom iyancipha de isixhobo esisebenzayo sichukumisa umhlaba, kwaye zonke iindawo ezivulekileyo zikwimeko evaliweyo ye-excavator.
7. Isantya sokujula kunye netorque
(1) Isantya se-slewing sibhekiselele kwisantya esiphezulu somndilili onokusifumana umembi xa ejikeleza ngokuzinzileyo xa esothulwa. Isantya esiphawulweyo sokuxhela asibhekiseli kwisantya sokuxhwila ngexesha lokuqalisa okanye ukuqhobosha. Kwiimeko zokumba ngokubanzi, xa u-excavator esebenza kuluhlu lwe-0 ° ukuya kwi-180 °, i-motor slawing ikhawuleza kwaye iyancipha. Xa ijikeleza kuluhlu lwe-270 ° ukuya kwi-360 °, isantya sokubulala sifikelela kuzinzo.
(2) I-torque ye-slewing ibhekisela kwi-torque ephezulu enokuthi ivelise inkqubo ye-excavator. Ubungakanani be-torque yokujula bumisela amandla omntu obambe i-excavator ukukhawuleza kunye nokuqhawula i-slewing, kwaye luphawu olubalulekileyo lokulinganisa ukusebenza kwe-excavator.
8. Isantya sokuhamba kunye nokuhamba
Kwi-excavators ye-crawler, ixesha lokuhamba libalelwa malunga ne-10% yexesha elipheleleyo lokusebenza. Ngokubanzi, abembi banezinto ezimbini zokuhamba: isantya esiphezulu kunye nesantya esiphantsi. Isantya esiphindwe kabini sinokuhlangabezana kakuhle nokunyuka kwe-excavator kunye nokusebenza kokuhamba komhlaba othe tyaba.
(1) Amandla okutsala abhekiselele kumandla okutsalwa axwesileyo aveliswa xa umembi ehamba kumhlaba othe tye. Izinto eziphambili eziphembelelayo ziquka ukufuduswa kwegiya eliphantsi-isantya esisezantsi semoto yokuhamba, uxinzelelo olusebenzayo, ivili le-pitch pitch diameter, ubunzima bomatshini, njl.
(2) Isantya sokuhamba sibhekisela kwisantya esiphezulu sokuhamba kwe-excavator xa uhamba kumhlaba oqhelekileyo. Isantya sokuhamba se-crawler hydraulic excavators asikho ngaphezulu kwe-6km/h. I-Crawler hydraulic excavators ayifanelekanga ukuhamba umgama omde. Isantya sokuhamba kunye namandla okutsala abonisa ukuhamba kunye nokukwazi ukuhamba kwe-excavator.
9. Isakhono sokunyuka
Ukukwazi ukunyuka kwe-excavator kubhekiselele ekukwazini ukunyuka, ukuhla, okanye ukuma kwindawo eqinile, ethambekele. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuyichaza: i-engile kunye nepesenti: (1) I-engile yokunyuka θ ngama-35 ° ngokubanzi. (2) Ipesenteji yetafile ye-tanθ = b/a, ngokubanzi ngama-70%. Isalathiso se-microcomputer ngokubanzi yi-30 ° okanye i-58%.
10. Ukuphakamisa amandla
Umthamo wokuphakamisa ubhekiselele kumthamo omncinci olinganisiweyo wokuphakamisa ozinzileyo kunye nomgangatho wokunyuswa kwe-hydraulic.
(1) Ilinganiswe umthamo ozinzileyo wokuphakamisa i-75% yomthwalo wokukhupha.
(2) Umgangatho wokuphakamisa i-hydraulic 87% ye-hydraulic lifting capacity.
Ngokusekelwe kule ngcaciso ingentla, unokugqiba ukuba yiyiphi i-excavator eyona nto ingcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokusebenza zobunjineli kunye neeparitha zobugcisa zezixhobo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-25-2024
