"Kwikota yokuqala, xa kujongwa imeko-bume enzima neyinkimbinkimbi yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemisebenzi enzima yokuguqulwa kwasekhaya, uphuhliso kunye nokuzinzisa, zonke iingingqi kunye namasebe ziye zasebenzisa ngokunzulu izigqibo kunye nezicwangciso ezenziwe yiKomiti ePhakathi ye-CPC kunye neBhunga leSizwe, zalandela umgaqo "wokuzinza njengenyathelo lokuqala" kunye "nokufuna inkqubela phakathi kozinzo", zasebenzisa ingcamango entsha yophuhliso ngendlela epheleleyo, echanekileyo nepheleleyo, zakhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kwendlela entsha yophuhliso, zenza imizamo yokukhuthaza uphuhliso olusemgangathweni ophezulu, zalungelelanisa ngcono iimeko ezimbini zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, zadibanisa ngcono ukuthintela kunye nokulawula izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho noluntu, uphuhliso kunye nokhuseleko oluhlanganisiweyo olungcono, kwaye zagxininisa ukubaluleka kokuzinzisa kunye nokuzinzisa uqoqosho. Ukudibanisa ngcono ukuthintela kunye nokulawula ubhubhane kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho noluntu, ukudibanisa ngcono uphuhliso kunye nokhuseleko, kunye nokugxininisa umsebenzi wokuzinzisa ukukhula, ingqesho kunye namaxabiso; ukuthintela kunye nokulawula ubhubhane kuye kwenza utshintsho olukhawulezayo noluthambileyo, imveliso kunye nemfuno kuye kwazinza kwaye kwaphinda kwanda, ingqesho kunye namaxabiso ebezizinzile ngokubanzi, ingeniso yabantu iqhubekile nokunyuka, ulindelo lwemarike luye lwaphucuka kakhulu, kwaye uqoqosho luye lwaqala kakuhle ukusebenza kwalo." UFu Linghui, isithethi se-National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) kunye nomlawuli weSebe leeNkcukacha-manani eziBanzi kuQoqosho lweSizwe, utshilo kwingqungquthela yabezindaba malunga nokusebenza koqoqosho lwesizwe kwikota yokuqala ebibanjwe yi-State Council Information Office ngomhla we-18 ku-Epreli.
Ngomhla we-18 ku-Epreli, iOfisi yoLwazi yeBhunga leSizwe ibibambe ingqungquthela nabezindaba eBeijing, apho uFu Linghui, isithethi se-National Bureau of Statistics kunye nomlawuli weSebe le-Comprehensive National Economics Statistics, wazisa ukusebenza koqoqosho lwesizwe kwikota yokuqala ka-2023 waza waphendula imibuzo evela kwiintatheli.
Uqikelelo lokuqala lubonisa ukuba i-GDP yekota yokuqala yayiyi-284,997,000,000 yuan, ukunyuka konyaka nge-4.5% ngamaxabiso angaguqukiyo, kunye nokunyuka kwe-ringgit ye-2.2% kwikota yesine yonyaka ophelileyo. Ngokuphathelele kumashishini, ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini eliphambili yayiyi-RMB 11575 yeebhiliyoni, ukunyuka nge-3.7% unyaka nonyaka; ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini eliphakathi yayiyi-RMB 10794.7 yeebhiliyoni, ukunyuka nge-3.3%; kwaye ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini eliphakamileyo yayiyi-RMB 165475 yeebhiliyoni, ukunyuka nge-5.4%.
Ikota yokuqala yemizi-mveliso ikhula ngokuzinzileyo
"Ikota yokuqala yeshishini ikhule ngokuzinzileyo. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ngokuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane utshintsho olukhawulezileyo noluzinzileyo, imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhula okuzinzileyo iyaqhubeka nokubonisa iziphumo, imfuno yemarike iyafudumala, uthungelwano lokubonelela ngezixhobo ukuze kukhawuleziswe ukubuyiselwa kwemveliso yezimboni lubone utshintsho oluninzi oluhle." UFu Linghui uthe kwikota yokuqala, ixabiso lemveliso yesizwe elongezwe ngaphezulu kobukhulu obuchaziweyo linyuke nge-3.0% unyaka nonyaka, likhawuleziswa ngamanqaku eepesenti ayi-0.3 xa kuthelekiswa nekota yesine yonyaka ophelileyo. Kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili, ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini lezemigodi likhule nge-3.2%, ishishini lemveliso likhule nge-2.9%, kwaye imveliso yombane, ubushushu, igesi namanzi kunye neshishini lokubonelela likhule nge-3.3%. Ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini lemveliso yezixhobo likhule nge-4.3%, likhawuleziswa ngamanqaku eepesenti ayi-2.5 ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebruwari. Kukho ikakhulu ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Okokuqala, uninzi lwamashishini luqhubekile nokukhula. Kwikota yokuqala, kumacandelo amakhulu emizi-mveliso angama-41, amacandelo angama-23 aqhubekile nokukhula unyaka nonyaka, ngesantya sokukhula esingaphezulu kwama-50%. Xa kuthelekiswa nekota yesine yonyaka ophelileyo, izinga lokukhula kwexabiso elongezelelekileyo kumashishini angama-20 liphinde landa.
Okwesibini, ishishini lokuvelisa izixhobo lidlala indima ecacileyo yokuxhasa. Njengoko umkhwa wokuphucula ishishini laseTshayina uqina, amandla kunye nenqanaba lokuvelisa izixhobo liyaphuculwa, kwaye imveliso igcina ukukhula okukhawulezayo. Kwikota yokuqala, ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini lokuvelisa izixhobo likhule nge-4.3% unyaka nonyaka, iipesenti ezili-1.3 ziphezulu kunelo leshishini elicwangcisiweyo, kwaye igalelo lalo ekukhuleni kwamashishini angaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo lifikelele kwi-42.5%. Phakathi kwazo, oomatshini bombane, oololiwe kunye neenqanawa kunye nezinye iinkampani zokuvelisa ixabiso elongezelelekileyo linyuke nge-15.1%, 9.3%.
Okwesithathu, icandelo lokuvelisa izinto eziluhlaza likhule ngesantya esiphezulu. Ngokubuyela koqoqosho rhoqo, ukukhula okuzinzileyo kotyalo-mali kuye komeleza amandla oshishino lwezinto eziluhlaza, kwaye imveliso enxulumene noko igcine ukukhula okukhawulezayo. Kwikota yokuqala, ixabiso elongeziweyo lokuveliswa kwezinto eziluhlaza linyuke nge-4.7% unyaka nonyaka, iipesenti ezili-1.7 ziphezulu kunezo zoshishino olusesikweni. Phakathi kwazo, ishishini lokunyibilikisa isinyithi kunye nokuqengqeleka kunye neshishini lokunyibilikisa isinyithi kunye nokuqengqeleka likhule nge-5.9% kunye ne-6.9% ngokulandelelana. Ngokwembono yemveliso, kwikota yokuqala, imveliso yesinyithi, isinyithi ezilishumi ezingenayo isinyithi inyuke nge-5.8%, 9%.
Okwesine, imveliso yamashishini amancinci nancinci iphucukile. Kwikota yokuqala, ixabiso elongeziweyo lamashishini amancinci nancinci ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo likhule nge-3.1% unyaka nonyaka, ngokukhawuleza kunezinga lokukhula kwawo onke amashishini emizi-mveliso angaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo. Uphando lwemibuzo lubonisa ukuba amashishini amancinci namashishini amancinci phantsi komthetho weProsperity Index kunakwikota yesine yonyaka ophelileyo, ukwanda kweepesenti ezili-1.7, imveliso kunye neemeko zoshishino zamashishini amahle zibangele iipesenti ezili-1.2.
"Ukongeza, ulindelo lweshishini ngokubanzi lulungile, i-PMI yeshishini lemveliso ibikwinqanaba elilindelekileyo kangangeenyanga ezintathu zilandelelana, iimveliso eziluhlaza ezifana nezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye neeseli zelanga zigcine ukukhula okuphindwe kabini, kwaye utshintsho lwe-greening yezoshishino luqhubekile. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sibone ukuba imeko-bume yamazwe ngamazwe ihlala inzima kwaye inzima, kukho ukungaqiniseki ekukhuleni kwemfuno yangaphandle, imida yemfuno yemarike yasekhaya isakhona, ixabiso leemveliso zoshishino lisawohloka, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwamashishini kujongana nobunzima obuninzi." UFu Linghui uthe kwinqanaba elilandelayo, kufuneka sisebenzise imigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukeneyo kunye namanyathelo okuzinzisa ukukhula, sigxile ekwandiseni imfuno yasekhaya, siqinise utshintsho lwesakhiwo kwicala lokubonelela, siguqule ngamandla kwaye siphucule amashishini emveli, sihlakulele kwaye sikhulise amashishini amatsha, sikhuthaze inqanaba eliphezulu lokulinganisela okuguquguqukayo phakathi kokubonelela kunye nemfuno, kwaye sikhuthaze uphuhliso olusempilweni lwamashishini.
Urhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina luzinzile kwaye lutshintshatshintsha
Ngokwedatha ekhutshwe kutshanje yi-General Administration of Customs, ngokweedola zaseMelika, ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle ngoMatshi linyuke nge-14.8% unyaka nonyaka, kunye nezinga lokukhula likhawuleziswe ngamanqaku angama-21.6 eepesenti xa kuthelekiswa nelo langoJanuwari-Februwari, lijika libe lihle okokuqala ukusukela ngo-Okthobha kunyaka ophelileyo; ukungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehle nge-1.4% unyaka nonyaka, kunye nezinga lokwehla kwempahla lincitshiswe ngamanqaku angama-8.8 eepesenti xa kuthelekiswa nelo langoJanuwari-Februwari, kwaye intsalela yorhwebo efunyenwe ngoMatshi yayiyi-88.19 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Ukusebenza kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngoMatshi bekungcono kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe, ngelixa ukungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe bekubuthathaka kancinci kunokuba bekulindelwe. Ngaba olu xinzelelo luqinileyo luyaqhubeka?
"Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ukungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwempahla eTshayina kuqhubekile nokukhula ngokusekelwe kwisiseko esiphezulu sonyaka ophelileyo, into engelulanga. Kwikota yokuqala, ixabiso lilonke lokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwempahla likhule nge-4.8% unyaka nonyaka, apho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kukhule nge-8.4%, kugcina ukukhula okukhawulezayo. Akulula ukufikelela kolu kukhula xa uqoqosho lwehlabathi lucotha kwaye ukungaqiniseki kwangaphandle kuphezulu." utshilo uFu Linghui.
UFu Linghui uthe kwinqanaba elilandelayo, ukukhula kweTshayina ekuthengeni nasekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe kujongene noxinzelelo oluthile, olubonakala kakhulu koku kulandelayo: Okokuqala, ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kubuthathaka. Ngokwengqikelelo ye-International Monetary Fund, uqoqosho lwehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba lukhule nge-2.8% ngo-2023, okuphantsi kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula lonyaka ophelileyo. Ngokwengqikelelo yamva nje ye-WTO, umthamo worhwebo lweempahla zehlabathi uza kukhula nge-1.7% ngo-2023, okuphantsi kakhulu kunonyaka ophelileyo. Okwesibini, kukho ukungaqiniseki okukhulu kwangaphandle. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, amanqanaba okunyuka kwamaxabiso e-United States naseYurophu abe phezulu, imigaqo-nkqubo yemali iye yaqiniswa rhoqo, kwaye ukubhencwa kwakutshanje kweengxaki zemali kwezinye iibhanki e-United States naseYurophu kuye kwabangela ukungazinzi kwemisebenzi yezoqoqosho. Kwangaxeshanye, iingozi ze-geopolitical zisekhona, kwaye ukunyuka kobunye ubuhlanga kunye nokukhuselwa kuye kwandisa ukungazinzi kunye nokungaqiniseki kurhwebo lwehlabathi kunye noqoqosho.
"Nangona kukho uxinzelelo kunye nemingeni, urhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina luphawulwa kukuqina okuqinileyo kunye namandla, kwaye ngenxa yomsebenzi wemigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukeneyo yokuzinzisa urhwebo lwangaphandle, ilizwe kulindeleke ukuba lifezekise injongo yokukhuthaza uzinzo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho unyaka wonke." Ngokutsho kukaFu Linghui, okokuqala, inkqubo yezoshishino yaseTshayina iphelele kwaye amandla ayo okubonelela ngemarike aqinile, ngoko ke iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa notshintsho kwimarike yeemfuno zangaphandle. Okwesibini, iTshayina igxininisa ekwandiseni urhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nokuvula ihlabathi langaphandle, iqhubeka nokwandisa indawo yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Kwikota yokuqala, ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kweTshayina kumazwe akwi "Belt and Road" kunyuke nge-16.8%, ngelixa oko kwamanye amazwe angamalungu e-RCEP kunyuke nge-7.3%, apho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunyuke nge-20.2%.
Okwesithathu, ukukhula kwamandla amatsha atshintshayo kurhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseTshayina kuye kwabonisa kancinci kancinci indima yalo ekuxhaseni ukukhula korhwebo lwangaphandle. Kutshanje, i-General Administration of Customs ikwakhankanye kwingxelo yokuba kwikota yokuqala, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezithuthi zombane, iibhetri ze-lithium kunye neebhetri zelanga kukhule nge-66.9%, kwaye ukukhula korhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida kunye nezinye iindlela ezintsha zorhwebo lwangaphandle nako bekukhawulezile.
“Ngokwembono epheleleyo, inqanaba elilandelayo lokuzinzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo lwangaphandle liza kuqhubeka libonisa iziphumo, nto leyo enceda ekufezekisweni korhwebo lwangaphandle unyaka wonke ukukhuthaza uzinzo nokuphucula umgangatho wenjongo,” utshilo uFu Linghui.
Ukukhula koqoqosho ngonyaka kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke kancinci kancinci
"Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, uqoqosho lwaseTshayina luphela luye lwachacha, izalathisi eziphambili zizinzile kwaye zibuyela umva, amandla abanini bamashishini ayanda, kwaye ulindelo lweemarike luphucuka kakhulu, nto leyo ebeka isiseko esingcono sokufezekisa iinjongo zophuhliso ezilindelweyo zonyaka wonke." utshilo uFu Linghui. UFu Linghui utshilo.
Ngokutsho kukaFu Linghui, ukusuka kwinqanaba elilandelayo, amandla endalo okukhula koqoqosho lwaseTshayina ayanda kancinci kancinci, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo emikhulu isebenza kakuhle, ngoko ke ukusebenza koqoqosho kulindeleke ukuba kuphucuke ngokupheleleyo. Xa kucingwa ukuba inani elisisiseko lekota yesibini yonyaka ophelileyo beliphantsi ngenxa yempembelelo yobhubhane, izinga lokukhula koqoqosho kwikota yesibini yalo nyaka linokuba likhawuleza kakhulu kunelo lekota yokuqala. Kwikota yesithathu neyesine, njengoko inani elisisiseko linyuka, izinga lokukhula liya kwehla kwelo lekota yesibini. Ukuba inani elisisiseko alithathelwa ingqalelo, ukukhula koqoqosho lonyaka wonke kulindeleke ukuba kubonise ukunyuka kancinci kancinci. Izinto eziphambili ezixhasayo zezi zilandelayo:
Okokuqala, impembelelo yokutsala kokusetyenziswa iyanda kancinci kancinci. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ukusetyenziswa kuphucuke ngokucacileyo, kwaye impembelelo yako ekukhuleni koqoqosho iyanda. Izinga lokufaka isicelo sokugqibela ekukhuleni koqoqosho liphezulu kunelo lonyaka ophelileyo; ngokuphuculwa kwemeko yengqesho, ukukhuthazwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokusetyenziswa, kunye nokwanda kwenani leemeko zokusetyenziswa, amandla okusebenzisa abemi kunye nokuzimisela ukusebenzisa kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke. Kwangaxeshanye, sandisa ngokukhutheleyo ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya eziluhlaza nezikrelekrele, sikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kokusetyenziswa kwi-intanethi nakwi-intanethi, siphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa, kwaye sikhawulezisa ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nokwandiswa kwemarike yasemaphandleni, zonke ezi zinto zinceda ekukhuleni okuzinzileyo kokusetyenziswa kwaye ziqhubela phambili ukukhula koqoqosho.
Okwesibini, ukukhula kotyalo-mali okuzinzileyo kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, iindawo ezahlukeneyo ziye zakhuthaza ngokukhutheleyo ukuqaliswa kokwakhiwa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu, kwaye utyalo-mali luye lwaqhubeka nokukhula okuzinzileyo ngokubanzi. Kwikota yokuqala, utyalo-mali lwezinto ezisisigxina lukhule nge-5.1%. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, ngokuguqulwa nokuphuculwa kwamashishini emveli, uphuhliso olutsha lwamashishini amatsha luya kuqhubeka, kwaye inkxaso yoqoqosho lokwenyani iya kwanda, nto leyo eya kuba luncedo ekukhuleni kotyalo-mali. Kwikota yokuqala, utyalo-mali kwicandelo lemveliso lukhule nge-7%, ngokukhawuleza kunokukhula kotyalo-mali luphela. Phakathi kwazo, utyalo-mali kwimveliso yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu lukhule nge-15.2%. Utyalo-mali kwiziseko zophuhliso lukhule ngesantya esiphezulu. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, iindawo ezahlukeneyo bezikhuthaza ngokukhutheleyo ukwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso, kwaye iziphumo ziyabonakala kancinci kancinci. Kwikota yokuqala, utyalo-mali kwiziseko zophuhliso lunyuke nge-8.8% unyaka nonyaka, nto leyo ekhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Okwesithathu, utshintsho nokuphucula amashishini kuzise impembelelo engaphezulu. I-China isebenzise ngokunzulu isicwangciso sophuhliso esiqhutywa bubuchule, yomeleza amandla ayo esayensi netekhnoloji, kwaye yakhuthaza ukuphuculwa nophuhliso lwamashishini, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwenethiwekhi ze-5G, ulwazi, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nezinye iiteknoloji, kunye nokuvela kwamashishini amatsha; ixabiso elongeziweyo leshishini lokuvelisa izixhobo likhule nge-4.3% kwikota yokuqala, kwaye amandla eteknoloji amashishini ebekhula ngokuqhubekayo. Kwangaxeshanye, isantya sokuguqulwa kwamandla okuluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi siye sanda, imfuno yeemveliso ezintsha yanda, kwaye amashishini emveli anyukile ekugcinweni kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuguqulwa, kwaye isiphumo sokuqhuba siphuculwe. Kwikota yokuqala, imveliso yeemoto ezintsha zamandla kunye neeseli zelanga zigcine ukukhula okukhawulezileyo. Uphuhliso oluphezulu, olukrelekrele noluluhlaza lwamashishini luya kufaka impembelelo entsha kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwase-China.
Okwesine, imigaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho olukhulu iqhubekile nokubonisa iziphumo. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, zonke iingingqi kunye namasebe ziye zalandela umoya weNkomfa yoMsebenzi wezoQoqosho oluPhakathi kunye nengxelo yomsebenzi kaRhulumente yokuphumeza isicwangciso, kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali olungileyo uqinisiwe ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komgaqo-nkqubo wezemali okrelekrele kwaye unamandla, ugxininisa umsebenzi wokukhula okuzinzileyo, ingqesho ezinzileyo kunye namaxabiso azinzileyo, kwaye impembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo ibisoloko ibonakala, kwaye ukusebenza koqoqosho kwikota yokuqala kuye kwazinza kwaye kwabuya kwakhona.
“Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, ngezigqibo zeKomiti ePhakathi yeQela kunye neBhunga leSizwe kunye nezicwangciso zokuphumeza iinkcukacha ngakumbi, isiphumo somgaqo-nkqubo siya kubonakala ngakumbi, amandla ophuhliso loqoqosho lwaseTshayina aya kuqhubeka eqina, kwaye akhuthaze ukusebenza koqoqosho lokubuyiselwa kwezinto ezilungileyo.” utshilo uFu Linghui.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-23-2023
